Abstract: Endovascular methods of treatment for coronary heart disease are of considerable current use. Stenting of coronary arteries is the most widely used intervention in management of coronary heart disease. Present-day models of coronary stents make it possible to selectively perform direct stenting in certain roentgenomorphology of the lesion concerned. The authors analysed the outcomes of direct and conventional stenting of coronary arteries in 74 patients presenting with coronary heart disease. No differences as to the mortality rate were observed between the groups. The group of direct stenting demonstrated lower percentage of ischemic events: myocardial infarction on the background of acute or subacute thrombosis of the stent (1 - in the direct-stenting group, 3 - in the conventional-stenting group), transitory myocardial ischaemia (1 case in the direct-stenting group, 3 cases in the conventional-stenting group). Of the angiographic peculiarities, dissection complicated a total of three procedures of traditional stenting, and did not occur in the direct-stenting group. The no-reflow syndrome was noted to have developed in one case in the stenting group with predilatation. Of the technical peculiarities in the direct-stenting group, we observed a statistically reliable decrease in the average duration of the intervention by 11,76 minutes (P = 0,039), that of roentgenoscopy by 5,91 minutes (P = 0,027), a decrease in the average consumption of the radiopaque medium by 68,36 ml (P < 0,01), and a decrease in the average expenditure of coronary balloon catheters by 0,59 pc. (P < 0,001). Hence, the method of direct stenting of coronary arteries turned out to offer advantages over the conventional-stenting technique with predilatation in the clinical, angiographic and economic aspects, provided a careful selection of patients is performed. Reference 1. Фуфаев Е.Н. К вопросу о методике клинико-социальных исследований по изучению потребности в кардиохирургической помощи. Качественная Клиническая Практика. 2003; (31) 2: 13-108. 2. Бокерия Л.А., Гудкова Р.М. Сердечно-сосудистая хирургия - 2004. Болезни и врожденные аномалии системы кровообращения. М., НЦССХ им. А.Н. Бакулева РАМН. 2005; 118. 3. Rogers С, Parikh S., Seifert P. Edelman E. Endogenous cell seeding. Remnant endothelium after stenting enhances vascular repair. Circulation. 1996; (94).2909-2914. 4. Villegas B., Morice M.C., Hernandez S. et al. Triple Vessel Stenting for Triple Vessel Coronary Disease. The Journal of Invasive Cardiology. 2002; (14): 1-5. 5. Chauhan A., Vu E., Ricci D.R., et al. Early and intermediate term clinical outcome after multiple coronary stenting. Heart. 1998; (79): 29-33. 6. Kastrati A., Hall D., SchЪmig A. Long-term outcome after coronary stenting. Curr. Control Trials Cardiovasc Med. 2000; (1): 48-54. 7. La Manna A., Di Mario C. Therapeutic Strategies in Multiple Vessel Coronary Artery Disease. E-Journal of European Society of Cardiology. 2005; (29): 17-23. 8. Triantis G.S., Tolis V.A., Michalis L.K. Direct Implantation of Intracoronary Stents. Hellenic J. Cardiol. 2002; (43): 156-160. 9. Weaver W.D., Reisman M.A., Griffin J.J., et al., for the OPUS-1 Investigators. Optimum percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty compared with routine stent strategy trial (OPUS-1): a randomised trial. Lancet. 2000; (355): 203-219. 10. Schuhlen H., Kastrati A., Dirschinger J. Intracoronary Stenting and Risk for Major Adverse Cardiac Events During the First Month. Circulation. 1998; (98): 104-111.
Abstract: Endovascular interventions operations of coronary arteries are a long-term and fast-developing branch of surgical treatment of ischemic disease. Radiational skin damage is a rare and grave complication caused by endovascular interventions operations. The risk factors for this disorder are diabetes, disorders of conjunctive tissue and obesity. Complicated anatomy of coronary vessels prolonges the surgical intrusion, thus increasing the impact of radiation. Radiated areas are treated by excision of diseased soft tissues. Afterwards the defect is covered with vascularised scraps. Three patients suffering radiation sores on the back were examined during the research. They were diseased with chronical coronar occlusions, and one of the patients had the reocclusion inside the previously implanted stent. All individuals were overweight and required more strickt radiation than usual to obtain accurate images. That is why a precise control over the dosage of radiation is crucial. If radiation damage is developing, an active surgery is an effective treatment that must be applied. References 1. La Manna A., Di Mario С. Therapeutic Strategies in Multiple Vessel Coronary Artery Disease. E-Journal of European Society of Cardiology. 2005; 29: 17 - 23. 2. Wagner L.K., McNeese M.D., Marx M.V, Siegel E.L. Severe Skin Reactions from Interventional Fluoroscopy: Case Report and Review of Literature. Radiology. 1999; 213: 773-776. 3. Koenig T.R., Wolff D., Mettler F.A., Wagner L.K. Skin Injuries from Fluoroscopically Guided Procedures: Part 1, Characteristics of Radiation Injury. American Journal of Radiology. 2001; 177: 3 - 11. 4. Бардычев М. С, Кацалап С. Н., Курпешева А. К. и др. Диагностика и лечение местных лучевых повреждений. Медицинская радиология. 1992; 12: 22-25. 5. Kuon E., Glaser С, Damn J.B. Effective techniques for reduction of radiation dosage to patients undergoing invasive cardiac procedures. The British Journal of Radiology. 2003; 76: 406-413. 6. Iyer PS. Acute radiation injury caused by faulty x-ray fluoroscopy during cardiac procedures. Health Phys. 1976; 31: 385-387. 7. Wolff D., Heinrich K.W Strahlenschaden der Hautnach Herzkatheterdiagnostik und: therapie 2 Kasuis-tiken. Hautnah Derm. 1993; 5: 450 - 452. 8. Lichtenstein D.A., Klapholz L., Vardy D.A., et al. Chronic radiodermatitis following cardiac catheterization. Arch. Dermatol. 1996; 132: 663 - 667. 9. ShopeT.B. Radiation-induced skin injuries from fluoroscopy RadioGraph-ics. 1996; 16: 1195 - 1199. 10. Sovik E., Klow N-E., Hellesnes J, Lykke J. Radiation-induced skin injury after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. 12. Poletti J.L. Radiation injury to skin following a cardiac interventional procedure (letter). Australas Radiol. 1997; 41: 82-83. 13. Gironet N., Jan V, Machet M.C. et. al. Radiodermite chronique post catheterisme cardiaque: role favorisant du ciprofibrate (Lipanor)? Ann. Dermatol. Venereol. 1998; 125:598-600. 14. Granel E, Barbaud A., Gillet-Terver M.N., et al. Radio-dermites chroniques apres catheterisme interventionnel cardiaque: quatre observations. Ann. Dermatol. Venereol. 1998; 125: 405 - 407. 15. Stone M.S., Robson K.J., LeBoit PE. Subacute radiation dermatitis from fluoroscopy during coronary artery stenting: evidence for cytotoxic lymphocyte mediated apoptosis. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 1998; 38: 333-336. 16. Dandurand M., Huet P., Guillot B. Radiodermites secondaires aux explorations endovasculaires: 5 observations. Ann Dermatol Venereol. 1999; 126: 413 - 417. 17. Dehen L., Vilmer C, Humiliere C. et. al. Chronic radio-dermatitis following cardiac catheterisation: a report of two cases and a brief review of the literature. Heart. 1999; 81: 308-312. 18. Miralbell R., Maillet P., Crompton N.E., et. al. Skin radionecrosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty: dosimetric and biological assessment. J.Vasc. Interv. Radiol. 1999; 10: 1190 - 1194. 19. Pezzano M, Duterque M, Lardoux H, et al. Radiodermite thoracique en cardiologie interventionnelle: a propos de 6 cas. Arch Mai Coeur Vaiss. 1999; 92: 1197 - 1204. 20. Sajben FP, Schoelch SB, Barnette DJ. Fluoroscopicin-duced radiation dermatitis. Cutis. 1999; 64: 57 - 59.
